Chemistry teacher

 - Dr.Sanjaykumar Pawar   Short Notes: Mole Concept, Electrons, Protons and Neutrons  Step-by-step CBSE Chemistry calculations for electrons, neutrons and protons using Avogadro's number. 1. Avogadro Number (Nₐ) 1 mole of any substance contains 6.022 × 10²³ particles . It may represent atoms, molecules, ions, electrons, etc. Memory Trick: 1 Mole = 6.022 × 10²³ 2. Electrons in Methane (CH₄) Composition Carbon (C) = 6 electrons Hydrogen (H) = 1 electron For CH₄: Total electrons = 6 + 4(1) = 10 electrons per molecule In One Mole of CH₄ Total electrons = 10 × 6.022 × 10²³ = 6.022 × 10²⁴ electrons Shortcut: CH₄ → 10 electrons 3. Neutrons in Carbon-14 (¹⁴C) Formula Number of Neutrons = Mass Number − Atomic Number For ¹⁴C Mass Number = 14 Atomic Number = 6 Neutrons = 14 − 6 = 8 neutrons per atom Shortcut: ¹⁴C → 8 neutrons 4. Protons in Ammonia (NH₃) Composition Nitrogen = 7 protons Hydrogen = 1 proton For NH₃: Total protons = 7 + 3(1) = 10 protons per molecule Shor...